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This Article Accepted manuscript (PDF) All Versions of this Article: EJE-07-0836v1 158/6/889    most recent Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Google Scholar Articles by Ritland, L. Articles by Genschel, U. PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Ritland, L. Articles by Genschel, U.

Centrally-Located Body Fat is Related to Appetitive Hormones in Healthy Postmenopausal Women

L Ritland, Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, United States
D Alekel, Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, 50011, United States
O Matvienko, School of Health, Physical Education, and Leisure Services, University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls, United States
K Hanson, Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, United States
J Stewart, Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, United States
L Hanson, Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, United States
M Reddy, Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, United States
M Van Loan, USDA ARS, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, University of California-Davis, Davis, United States
U Genschel, Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, United States

Correspondence: D. Alekel, Email: alekel{at}iastate.edu

Abstract

Objective: Body composition and energy homeostasis are thought to affect the appetitive hormones: adiponectin, leptin, insulin, and ghrelin. This study examined whether centrally-located fat and/or overall adiposity were related to these appetitive hormones in healthy postmenopausal women.

Design: Overall and regional body composition was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in relation to plasma adiponectin, serum leptin, serum insulin, and plasma ghrelin in 242 postmenopausal women.

Results: Regression analyses revealed that the androidal-to-gynoidal fat mass ratio (18.0%), age (3.2%), and white blood cell count (1.8%) accounted for 28% of the variability in adiponectin (F=22.2; P0.0001); androidal (waist + hip) fat mass (66.0%), androidal fat mass2 (6.2%), whole body lean mass (2.2%), and age (0.8%) accounted for 69% of the variability in leptin (F=102.5; P0.0001). Regression analyses revealed that sagittal abdominal diameter (8.4%), glucose (5.4%), white blood cell count (2.6%), and dietary omega-3 fatty acids (2.0%) accounted for 32% of the variability in insulin (F=20.8; P0.0001); waist circumference (12.7%), hip lean mass (2.0%), and white blood cell count (1.9%) accounted for 26% of the variability in ghrelin (F=20.7; P0.0001). Our results indicated that centralized fat mass was the primary contributor to these appetitive hormones in healthy postmenopausal women.

Conclusion: Since central adiposity in postmenopausal women was related to appetitive hormones, minimizing weight gain during the menopausal transition may optimize appetitive hormones, thereby facilitating appetite control and weight maintenance.