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Leptin secretion and action: an update

The discovery and anti-obesity effects of the ob gene product leptin were the subject of a Highlight in December 1995. Since then, some novel data have accumulated bearing on the regulation of secretion as well as the potential mode of action of this adipocyte-derived factor involved in reducing food intake and increasing energy expenditure.

Which factors regulate leptin expression? Three partly interrelated factors are known so far, including insulin, glucocorticoids, food intake and body lipid content. The study of Auwerx et al. demonstrates a diurnal variation in ob mRNA levels in normal rats, with a nocturnal increase prompted by food intake (1). Interestingly, a single injection of 1 U of insulin resulted in an increase in ob mRNA to levels comparable to those present in fed animals, a finding which can be reproduced in primary adipocyte cultures (1, 2). Similarly, the treatment of rats with hydrocortisone at a dose capable

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				R. Valcavi, M. Zini, R. Peino, F. F. Casanueva, and C. Dieguez Influence of Thyroid Status on Serum Immunoreactive Leptin Levels J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., May 1, 1997; 82(5): 1632 - 1634. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]